In the First Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite, she seduces the mortal shepherd Anchises. Aphrodite was frequently unfaithful to him and had many lovers in the Odyssey, she is caught in the act of adultery with Ares, the god of war. In Greek mythology, Aphrodite was married to Hephaestus, the god of fire, blacksmiths and metalworking. Thus she was also known as Cytherea ( Lady of Cythera) and Cypris ( Lady of Cyprus), because both locations claimed to be the place of her birth. Aphrodite had many other epithets, each emphasizing a different aspect of the same goddess, or used by a different local cult. Plato, in his Symposium, asserts that these two origins actually belong to separate entities: Aphrodite Urania (a transcendent, "Heavenly" Aphrodite) and Aphrodite Pandemos (Aphrodite common to "all the people"). In Homer's Iliad, however, she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione. In Hesiod's Theogony, Aphrodite is born off the coast of Cythera from the foam ( ἀφρός, aphrós) produced by Uranus's genitals, which his son Cronus had severed and thrown into the sea. She was also the patron goddess of prostitutes, an association which led early scholars to propose the concept of " sacred prostitution" in Greco-Roman culture, an idea which is now generally seen as erroneous. In Laconia, Aphrodite was worshipped as a warrior goddess. Her main festival was the Aphrodisia, which was celebrated annually in midsummer. Aphrodite's main cult centers were Cythera, Cyprus, Corinth, and Athens. The cult of Aphrodite was largely derived from that of the Phoenician goddess Astarte, a cognate of the East Semitic goddess Ishtar, whose cult was based on the Sumerian cult of Inanna. Aphrodite's major symbols include seashells, myrtles, roses, doves, sparrows, and swans. Eros, Phobos, Deimos, Harmonia, Pothos, Anteros, Himeros, Hermaphroditus, Rhodos, Eryx, Peitho, The Graces, Beroe, Golgos, Priapus, AeneasĪphrodite ( / ˌ æ f r ə ˈ d aɪ t iː/ ⓘ AF-rə- DY-tee) is an ancient Greek goddess associated with love, lust, beauty, pleasure, passion, procreation, and as her syncretized Roman goddess counterpart Venus, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory.
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